Allegations by US Military:
Findings by AP investigation:
Hussein was a "terrorist media operative" who was "involved in activities that were well outside the scope of what you would expect a journalist to be doing in that country".
 "In the more than 40 hours I spent with Hussein, I saw no hint of religious, sectarian, or ideological extremism" writes Gardephe. "Instead, I found a fairly sophisticated man who had thought deeply about the ethics of his trade. There is no evidence…that [Hussein’s] activities ever strayed from those of a legitimate journalist."

Hussein’s photographs of dead hostage Salvatore Santoro (above) "call into question his connection with the insurgent attackers and his role as a reporter"

 The allegation has not been repeated by the military since June 2006. Hussein’s account – that he was stopped by insurgents who upon learning that he was a photographer, insisted he photograph the dead body of hostage Santoro – is corroborated by the reports of the two other AP journalists he was travelling with.
Hussein was a "insurgent propagandist"
 Less than ten percent of Hussein’s photographs showed insurgents in action, with the majority showing the aftermath of extremist attacks, including photos of a Red Crescent ambulance damaged by insurgent mortars; of relatives weeping over the body of an Iraqi soldier killed by insurgents; of the bodies of 19 fishermen killed by insurgents; and of civilians hurt by suicide car bombs. "Accurately capturing the effect of a war on a civilian population is not propaganda…and Hussein took photographs that demonstrated the effect of both insurgent and US Military operations on the Iraqi people".
Iraqi insurgents granted Hussein "unusual access"
 99% of Hussein’s photographs showed scenes readily visible to any passer-by, such as bombed-out buildings, injured civilians, and funerals. One Pullitzer-prize winning sequence showed insurgents firing weapons, but was taken when the insurgents were unaware of Hussein’s presence. Only on one occasion during the 20 months Hussein spent working for AP did he actually photograph insurgents attacking coalition forces.
Hussein conspired with insurgents to synchronise photography of insurgent explosions
None of Hussein’s 900 photographs submitted to AP shows any explosion.
While in Qaim in May 2005, Hussein stood next to an insurgent while the insurgent set off an explosive device, and photographed the incident.
 AP found no photographs synchronized with an explosion or other attack, and no other photographic evidence that he was ever tipped off to insurgent activity. Bilal did not photograph any explosions or fighting while in Qaim.
Hussein gave false identity papers to a insurgent sniper fleeing US forces.
 Gardephe said he uncovered no evidence that Hussein provided false identification to anyone and Hussein denies any such allegation. He noted that false IDs are readily available from numerous sources in Iraq, including official government offices, and that many Iraqis carry false IDs to conceal their religious affiliation. No evidence was found in Hussein’s flat that he was involved in the manufacture or supply of false ID cards.
Hussein helped with the kidnapping of two Arab journalists in Ramadi in March 2006.
 Hussein brought the two men to safety, at the request of another journalist who had telephoned him with news of their release. AP interviewed both journalists, neither of whom had been contacted by the U.S. military. "They emphatically stated that Hussein was not involved in their kidnapping and that he in fact brought them to safety"
Hussein when arrested was living in an abandoned building, living out of a suitcase with two other men, and the entrances to the flat were barricaded.
 Hussein lived alone in a furnished flat on the second floor of building with also housed two other flats and several shops, including an abandoned electricians workshop. None of the entrances to the flat were barricaded in any way, and prior to his arrest Hussein let the US soldiers into the flat so they could monitor the road below.
At the time of his arrest, Hussein was found with bomb making equipment – timers and wires.
 Hussein, after being arrested at his Ramadi apartment, was taken to an electrician’s shop on the ground floor and photographed next to equipment and broken appliances."There is no evidence that Hussein had any access to or connection with that shop and storage room; the doors of both were locked before the U.S. military smashed them in," the report says.
At the time of his arrest, Hussein was found with a ‘weapons cache’.
 This allegation appeared in right-wing commentator Michelle Malkin’s blog shortly after Hussein’s arrest, and is believed to have been based on a tip-off from the US military. However, the US military have not never since repeated the accusations, and no evidence of any weapons cache has ever been produced or mentioned.
At the time of his arrest, Hussein was with two alleged insurgent leaders, Abu Moadh and Zaid Hamud Kalath
 Hussein said he had never met either man before that day, that he had offered them refuge in his apartment during a chance encounter on the street as people were fleeing from a bombing nearby, and that they had only been in his apartment for minutes prior to his arrest. The US military put Hussein and Moadbh in adjoining cells to secretly listen to any conversation that they might have. Hussein did not initially recognise Moadh’s voice, and then asked "are you the guy who was in my apartment ?". Zaid was acquitted of terrorism offences by an Iraqi court.
Explosive residue was found on Hussein after his arrest
 The accusation was not made until December 2006, eight months after his arrest. It is not actually clear whether any such tests were done, and the results have never been produced. Hussein had been walking back from buying bread at the time of a nearby explosion, and was expected to photograph at recent scenes of explosions as part of his job. The report says that the US Military admits that "…it would not be surprising if explosive residue were found on clothing under such circumstances". According to a report in the New York Times, the explosive residue test used returned false positives for substances such as hand lotion and cigarette lighters.



Download the full AP investigation report here

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For more on this story, see Bilal Hussein to be charged and AP asks Maliki: Ensure that justice is done in Hussein hearing


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